Email this article A Mathematical Bibliography of Signed and Gain Graphs and Allied Areas
Abstract
A signed graph is a graph whose edges are labeled by signs. This is a bibliography of signed graphs and related mathematics.
Several kinds of labelled graph have been called "signed" yet are mathematically very different. I distinguish four types:
· Group-signed graphs: the edge labels are elements of a 2-element group and are multiplied around a polygon (or along any walk). Among the natural generalizations are larger groups and vertex signs.
· Sign-colored graphs, in which the edges are labelled from a two-element set that is acted upon by the sign group: - interchanges labels, + leaves them unchanged. This is the kind of "signed graph" found in knot theory. The natural generalization is to more colors and more general groups--or no group.
· Weighted graphs, in which the edge labels are the elements +1 and -1 of the integers or another additive domain. Weights behave like numbers, not signs; thus I regard work on weighted graphs as outside the scope of the bibliography--except (to some extent) when the author calls the weights "signs".
· Labelled graphs where the labels have no structure or properties but are called "signs" for any or no reason.
Several kinds of labelled graph have been called "signed" yet are mathematically very different. I distinguish four types:
· Group-signed graphs: the edge labels are elements of a 2-element group and are multiplied around a polygon (or along any walk). Among the natural generalizations are larger groups and vertex signs.
· Sign-colored graphs, in which the edges are labelled from a two-element set that is acted upon by the sign group: - interchanges labels, + leaves them unchanged. This is the kind of "signed graph" found in knot theory. The natural generalization is to more colors and more general groups--or no group.
· Weighted graphs, in which the edge labels are the elements +1 and -1 of the integers or another additive domain. Weights behave like numbers, not signs; thus I regard work on weighted graphs as outside the scope of the bibliography--except (to some extent) when the author calls the weights "signs".
· Labelled graphs where the labels have no structure or properties but are called "signs" for any or no reason.